Appendix belonging to
the article:
Bogers RP, BemelmansWJE, Hoogenveen RT, Boshuizen HC,
Woodward M, Knekt P, van Dam RM, Hu FB, Visscher TLS, Menotti A, Thorpe RJ Jr,
Jamrozik K, Calling S, Strand BH, Shipley MJ, for the BMI-CHD collaboration
investigators. Association of Overweight With
Increased Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Partly Independent of Blood Pressure
and Cholesterol Levels. A Meta-analysis of 21 Cohort Studies Including More
Than 300 000 Persons. Arch Int Med
Definition of
variables in the studies included in the meta-analysis
Study |
Ref. |
BMI continuous or categories |
BMI normal weight category |
Smoking |
Physical activity |
Blood pressure |
Cholesterol |
Australian National Heart Foundation Risk Factor
Prevalence Study |
1 |
con + cat |
20-24.9 |
not current / current |
yes, not |
systolic |
total |
Caerphilly cohort Study |
2, 3 |
con |
|
never, ex, current |
total leisure-time physical
activity |
diastolic |
total |
Dubbo study of Australian elderly |
4 |
con |
|
never, ex, current |
2 categorical variables: walking
(from daily to less frequently) and gardening (daily to less frequently) |
4 categories: SBP<140 and
DBP<90, SBP 140-159 or DBP 90-94, SBP 160-199 or DBP 95-99, SBP≥200
or DBP≥100; + drugs (y/n) |
total |
Finnish |
5 |
cat |
18.5-24.9 |
never, ex, current (pipe, cigar or
1-14 cigarettes/day), current (15+ cigarettes/day) |
yes, not |
definitely
hypertensive ((SBP ≥ 170 and DBP ≥ 100) or use of
antihypertensive drugs); mild hypertension (SBP ≥ 160 and DBP ≥
95); borderline hypertensive (not included in any of the three other
categories); normotensive (SBP < 140 and DBP < 90) |
total |
Fletcher Challenge |
6 |
con + cat |
20-24.9 |
not current / current |
yes, not |
systolic |
total |
Italian Rural Areas |
7 |
con |
|
avg. no. cigs/d |
physical activity at work:
sedentary, moderate, heavy |
systolic |
total |
|
8 |
cat |
20-24.9 |
pack years |
continuous as duration of
conditioning physical activity |
systolic |
total |
Malmö Preventive Project (MPP) |
9 |
cat |
<25 |
never, ex, current |
Sedentary leisure time physical
activity in 3 categories: no, yes, missing |
systolic |
total |
|
10 |
con + cat |
20-24.9 |
not current / current |
yes, not |
systolic |
total |
Multifactor Primary Prevention Study (MPPS) Göteborg |
11 |
cat |
20-22.49 |
never, ex, current |
leisure time physical activity:
sedentary, moderately acitive, regular exercise |
systolic |
total |
NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study (NHEFS) |
12 |
cat |
18.5-24.9 |
never, ex, current |
regular exercise vs. otherwise |
systolic and diastolic |
total |
|
13 |
cat |
20-24.9 |
yes (=current and quit < 1 y
ago), no (=never or quit >1 y ago) |
moderate/vigorous, light |
systolic |
total |
Norwegian Counties |
14 |
cat |
20-24.9 |
never, ex, current |
low, high |
systolic |
total |
Nurses’ Health Study |
15 |
con + cat |
18.5-24.9 |
never, ex, current (1-14,15-24,
≥25 cigs/d) |
5 categories |
self-reported hypertension (y/n) |
elevated total chol. (y/n) |
PRIME study |
16 |
con |
|
never, ex, current |
no/low, intense |
systolic |
total |
|
17 |
con |
|
avg. no. cigs/d |
physical activity at work:
sedentary, moderate, heavy |
systolic |
total |
Scottish Heart Health Study |
18 |
con + cat |
20-24.9 |
never, ex, current |
physical activity at work:
inactive, average, active; leisure physical activity: inactive, average,
active |
systolic |
total |
|
17 |
con |
|
avg. no. cigs/d |
physical activity at work:
sedentary, moderate |
systolic |
total |
Ventimiglia di Sicilia Heart Study (VHS) |
19 |
cat |
<27 |
never, ex, current |
physical activity at work and
leisure time physical activity in 4 categories |
systolic and diastolic |
total, LDL, HDL |
|
20,
21 |
con + cat |
18.5-24.9 |
never, ex cig smk, current cig smk adj.
for no. cigs/d, current pipe or cigar smk. |
leisure time activity: low, moderate,
vigorous; travel activity: none, 1-9 mins, 10-19 mins, ≥20 mins. |
systolic |
total |
Zutphen Elderly Study |
22 |
con + cat |
20-24.9 |
never, ex, current |
minutes total activity |
systolic |
total |
Associations of body
mass index, overweight or obesity with risk of coronary heart disease in
studies that were not included in the meta-analysis
Nr. |
Study |
Reference |
Age range |
Baseline year(s) |
Median or mean follow-up (y) |
N total |
N men |
N women |
Subgroup |
Adjustments |
Relative risk of coronary heart
disease associated with overweight (ov), obesity (ob) or BMI * |
1 |
Adventist
Health Study |
23 |
25-84 |
1976 |
12 |
|
7065 |
13281 |
|
|
|
1 |
Adventist
Health Study |
|
|
|
|
|
? |
|
men 55-84 |
age |
† |
1 |
Adventist
Health Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
? |
women
55-84 |
age |
† |
2 |
ARIC |
24 |
45-64 |
1987-1989 |
6,2 |
15792 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
ARIC |
|
|
|
|
|
? |
|
white men |
age,
smoking, alcohol, family history of CHD |
ov + ns,
ob + ns |
2 |
ARIC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
? |
white
women |
age, smoking,
alcohol, family history of CHD |
ov + ns,
ob + |
3 |
BEDA
study |
25 |
39-65 |
1979-1981 |
19 |
|
|
1408 |
|
|
|
3 |
BEDA study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age,
smoking |
ov/ob +,
bmi + |
3 |
BEDA study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age
≤ 55 |
age |
ov/ob + |
3 |
BEDA study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age >
55 |
age |
ov/ob + |
3 |
BEDA study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nonsmokers |
age |
ov/ob + |
3 |
BEDA study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
smokers |
age |
ov/ob + |
3 |
BEDA study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age,
cholesterol, triglycerides, smoking, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, SBP |
ov/ob + |
4 |
Belgian
Bank Study |
26 |
40-59 |
1964-1965 |
25 |
|
1227 |
|
|
none |
ov/ob + ns |
5 |
|
27 |
30-79 |
1963 |
27 |
|
21145 |
30330 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men 30-59 |
age, time,
SBP |
bmi + |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women
30-59 |
age, time,
SBP |
bmi + |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men 60-79,
first 5 y excluded |
age, time,
SBP |
bmi + ns |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women
60-79, first 5 y excluded |
age, time,
SBP |
bmi + |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men 30-59 |
age |
bmi + |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women
30-59 |
age |
bmi + |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men 60-79 |
age |
bmi + |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women
60-79 |
age |
bmi + |
6 |
British
Regional Heart Study |
28 |
40-59 |
1978-1980 |
15 |
|
7735 |
|
|
age,
smoking, social class, alcohol intake, and physical activity |
ov +, ob + |
7 |
|
29 |
20-96 |
1960 |
29 |
|
611 |
697 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
518 |
|
men <65 |
age,
smoking, education |
bmi + |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
697 |
women |
age,
smoking, education |
bmi + |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
518 |
|
men <65 |
age,
smoking, education, mean arterial blood pressure |
bmi + |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
697 |
women |
age,
smoking, education, mean arterial blood pressure |
bmi + ns |
8 |
Cancer
Prevention Study II |
30 |
|
1982 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
Cancer
Prevention Study II |
|
|
|
|
|
|
191724 |
never ERT
users |
age at
interview, race, education, age at menopause, hysterectomy, number of
livebirths, oral contraceptive use, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise,
vegetable and fat intake, aspirin use, vitamin C use, marital status |
ov +, ob + |
8 |
Cancer
Prevention Study II |
|
|
|
|
|
|
34808 |
baseline
ERT use (RRs relative to reference in never ERT users) |
age at
interview, race, education, age at menopause, hysterectomy, number of
livebirths, oral contraceptive use, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise,
vegetable and fat intake, aspirin use, vitamin C use, marital status |
ov - ns,
ob + |
9 |
|
31 |
35-74 |
1960-1961 |
30 |
2181 |
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
white men |
smoking,
cholesterol, education, SBP, diabetes |
bmi - ns |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
black men |
smoking,
cholesterol, education, SBP, diabetes |
bmi - ns |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
white
women |
smoking,
cholesterol, education, SBP, diabetes |
bmi + ns |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
black
women |
smoking,
cholesterol, education, SBP, diabetes |
bmi 0 |
10 |
|
32 |
31-64 |
1967-1973 |
32 |
17643 |
|
|
|
blood
pressure, serum total cholesterol level, smoking |
bmi + |
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
33 |
40-55 |
1960-1961 |
22 |
1707 |
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year 1-14 |
age |
ov –,
ov/ob + (sign. ?) |
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year 15-22 |
age |
ov +,
ov/ob + (sign. ?) |
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year 1-14 |
age,
smoking, alchol intake, education, heart rate, major and minor ECG abnormalities |
bmi + ns |
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year 15-22 |
age,
smoking, alchol intake, education, heart rate, major and minor ECG
abnormalities |
bmi + |
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year 1-14 |
age,
smoking, alchol intake, education, heart rate, major and minor ECG
abnormalities, SBP, cholesterol |
bmi + ns |
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year 15-22 |
age,
smoking, alchol intake, education, heart rate, major and minor ECG
abnormalities, SBP, cholesterol |
bmi + |
11 |
Chicago
Western Electric Company Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year 1-14 |
age,
smoking, alchol intake, education, heart rate, major and minor ECG
abnormalities, SBP, cholesterol (excluding deaths within first 5 years of
follow-up) |
bmi - ns |
12 |
combined
|
34 |
35-74 |
1960 |
30 |
|
1346 |
|
|
|
|
12 |
combined
Charleston Heart and Evans County Heart Studies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
white men |
age |
bmi 0 |
12 |
combined
Charleston Heart and Evans County Heart Studies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
white men |
age, SBP,
cholesterol, education, smoking, diabetes |
bmi - |
13 |
Combined
NHANES I, II, and III |
35 |
≥ 25 |
1971-1975,
1976-1980, 1988-1994 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
Combined
NHANES I, II, and III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
overall,
25-59 y |
age, sex,
smoking, race, alcohol intake |
ov – ns,
ob + ns, BMI≥35 + |
13 |
Combined
NHANES I, II, and III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
overall,
60-69 y |
age, sex,
smoking, race, alcohol intake |
ov – ns,
ob + ns, bmi≥35 + |
13 |
Combined
NHANES I, II, and III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
overall,
≥70 y |
age, sex,
smoking, race, alcohol intake |
ov – ns,
ob + ns, bmi≥35 + ns |
13 |
Combined
NHANES I, II, and III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
never-smokers,
25-59 y |
age, sex,
race, alcohol intake |
ov – ns,
ob - ns, bmi≥35 + ns |
13 |
Combined
NHANES I, II, and III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
never-smokers,
60-69 y |
age, sex,
race, alcohol intake |
ov – ns,
ob + ns, bmi≥35 + |
13 |
Combined
NHANES I, II, and III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
never-smokers, ≥70 y |
age, sex,
race, alcohol intake |
ov – ns,
ob + ns, bmi≥35 + ns |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
36 |
30-54 |
1974-1980 |
12 |
48287 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
age |
ov +, ob + |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
age |
ov + ns,
ob + |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
age,
smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes |
ob + |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men with
hypercholesterolemia |
age |
ob + |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men with
hypertension |
age |
ob + |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women with
hypercholesterolemia |
age |
ob + |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
smokers |
age |
ov +, ob + |
14 |
Consultation
Bureau Project on Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nonsmokers |
age |
ov +, ob + |
15 |
Corfu
cohort of the Seven Countries Study |
37 |
40-59 |
1961 |
40 |
|
529 |
|
|
age, blood
pressure, serum total cholesterol, smoking, physical activity, body mass index,
skinfold thickness, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume |
ob + ns,
bmi + |
16 |
Department
of Health and Social Security nutritional survey |
38 |
≥65 |
1973-1974 |
20 |
730 |
|
|
|
age, sex |
ov/ob 0 |
17 |
Dutch
male birth cohort |
39 |
18 |
1950 |
32 |
|
78612 |
|
|
health
score, SBP, DBP, resting heart rate, education, region |
ov/ob + |
18 |
EPESE
New Haven |
40 |
≥65 |
1982 |
6 |
|
1169 |
1643 |
|
|
|
18 |
EPESE New
Haven |
|
|
|
|
2400 |
|
|
men,
nonfatal MI |
age, chest
pain on exertion, diabetes, blood pressure, antihypertensive medication,
smoking |
ov/ob + |
18 |
EPESE New
Haven |
|
|
|
|
2400 |
|
|
women,
nonfatal MI |
age, chest
pain on exertion, diabetes, blood pressure, antihypertensive medication,
smoking |
ov/ob - ns |
18 |
EPESE New
Haven |
|
|
|
|
2812 |
|
|
men, CHD
mortality |
age, chest
pain on exertion, diabetes, blood pressure, antihypertensive medication,
smoking |
ov/ob - ns |
18 |
EPESE New
Haven |
|
|
|
|
2812 |
|
|
women, CHD
mortality |
age, chest
pain on exertion, diabetes, blood pressure, antihypertensive medication,
smoking |
ov/ob - ns |
19 |
|
41 |
30-59 |
1972-1974 |
12 |
5124 |
|
|
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
HDL, LDL,
VLDL, hypertension, smoking, glucose |
bmi + ns |
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
HDL, LDL,
VLDL, hypertension, smoking, glucose |
bmi 0 |
20 |
|
42 |
30-62 |
1948 |
24 |
|
1882 |
2373 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
incidence |
age,
smoking |
ov +,
ov/ob + |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
incidence |
age,
smoking |
ov/ob + |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
incidence |
age,
smoking, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol |
ov +,
ov/ob + |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
incidence |
age,
smoking, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol |
ov/ob + |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
mortality |
age,
smoking |
ov + ns,
ov/ob + |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
mortality |
age,
smoking |
ov/ob + |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
mortality |
age,
smoking, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol |
ov + ns,
ov/ob + |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
mortality |
age,
smoking, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol |
ov/ob + |
21 |
Glucose
Intolerance, Obesity, and Hypertension (GOH) Study |
43 |
40-70 |
1979 |
18 |
|
1745 |
|
|
age,
smoking, SBP, cholesterol, diabetes, CHD presence |
bmi - ns |
22 |
|
44 |
26-88 |
1977-1985 |
1 to 9 years |
|
|
3634 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
none
(controls matched according to age and date of recruitment) |
ov/ob + |
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cholesterol |
ov/ob + |
23 |
H70
Study |
45 |
70 |
1971-1972,
1976-1977, 1981-1982 |
15 |
|
737 |
860 |
|
|
|
23 |
H70 Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
cohorts,
smoking habits, diabetes, SBP, total cholesterol |
ov + ns,
ov/ob + |
23 |
H70 Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
cohorts,
smoking habits, diabetes, SBP, total cholesterol |
ov + ns,
ov/ob + ns |
24 |
Health
Professionals Follow-up Study |
46 |
40-75 |
1986 |
16 |
|
42847 |
|
|
|
|
24 |
Health
Professionals Follow-up Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age,
family history of MI before age of 60, aspirin use, use of antihypertensive
medication, baseline hypercholesterolemia, baseline hypertension |
ov +,
ov/ob + |
24 |
Health
Professionals Follow-up Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age,
family history of MI before age of 60, aspirin use, use of antihypertensive
medication, baseline hypercholesterolemia, baseline hypertension, smoking,
exercise, alcohol intake, diet score |
ov +,
ov/ob + |
25 |
Israeli
Ischemic Heart Disease Study |
43 |
>40 |
1965 |
18 |
|
9699 |
|
|
age,
smoking, SBP, cholesterol, diabetes, CHD presence |
bmi + ns |
26 |
|
47 |
20-39 |
1948 |
45 |
|
3983 |
|
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 40 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + |
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 45 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + |
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 50 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + |
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 55 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + |
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 60 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + ns |
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 65 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + |
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 70 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + ns |
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
age 75 |
blood
pressure, smoking, diabetes, year of examination |
bmi + ns |
27 |
Midspan
Study (Renfrew and |
48 |
45-64 |
1972-1976 |
11,6 |
|
4696 |
5714 |
|
|
|
27 |
Midspan
Study (Renfrew and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
age, SBP,
DBP, serum cholesterol, casual blood glucose, smoking |
bmi + ns |
27 |
Midspan
Study (Renfrew and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
age, SBP,
DBP, serum cholesterol, casual blood glucose, smoking |
bmi - ns |
28 |
MRFIT |
49 |
35-75 |
1973-1975 |
10,5 |
|
12866 |
|
|
age,
plasma triglycerides, alcohol intake, HDL, LDL, fasting glucose, DBP, smoking |
bmi - |
28 |
MRFIT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
smokers |
age,
plasma triglycerides, alcohol intake, HDL, LDL, fasting glucose, DBP, smoking |
ov -, ob
-, bmi - |
28 |
MRFIT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nonsmokers |
age,
plasma triglycerides, alcohol intake, HDL, LDL, fasting glucose, DBP, smoking |
ov -, ob
-, bmi - ns |
29 |
Nord-Trøndelag
Health Study |
50 |
70-101 |
1984-1986 |
9,1
(median), 7,7 (mean) |
|
3121 |
3271 |
|
|
|
29 |
Nord-Trøndelag
Health Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
age, SBP,
smoking |
ov - ns,
ov/ob - ns |
29 |
Nord-Trøndelag
Health Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
age, SBP,
smoking |
ov - ns,
ov/ob - ns |
30 |
North
Karelia and Kuopio provinces in eastern Finland |
51 |
30-59 |
1972, 1977 |
15 |
|
7740 |
8373 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
age,
smoking, study year |
bmi + |
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
age,
smoking, study year, SBP, cholesterol |
bmi + |
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
age,
smoking, study year |
bmi + |
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
age,
smoking, study year, SBP, cholesterol |
bmi + ns |
31 |
North
Karelia and Kuopio provinces in eastern Finland, Turku-Loimaa region in
southwestern Finland |
52 |
25-64 |
1982, 1987 |
9,5 |
|
7090 |
7696 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
incidence |
age, study
year, smoking, cholesterol, HDL, HDL/cholesterol ratio, SBP, diabetes |
bmi 0 |
31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
incidence |
age, study
year, smoking, cholesterol, HDL, HDL/cholesterol ratio, SBP, diabetes |
bmi 0 |
31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
mortality |
age, study
year, smoking, cholesterol, HDL, HDL/cholesterol ratio, SBP, diabetes |
bmi 0 |
31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
mortality |
age, study
year, smoking, cholesterol, HDL, HDL/cholesterol ratio, SBP, diabetes |
bmi + ns |
32 |
|
53 |
35-63 |
1980 |
16 |
|
1090 |
1122 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men |
age,
employment status, marital status, perceived health status, smoking status,
alcohol consumption |
ov - ns,
ob + ns |
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women |
age,
employment status, marital status, perceived health status, smoking status,
alcohol consumption |
ov - ns,
ob + ns |
33 |
|
54 |
16-89 |
1980-1984 |
18 |
10858 |
|
|
|
age at
recruitment, sex, smoking, pre-existing cardiovascular disease or diabetes |
ov +,
ov/ob + |
34 |
Physician's
Health Study |
55 |
40-84 |
1982 |
3,9 |
|
16164 |
|
|
age,
randomized beta-carotene treatment assignment, aspirin use, smoking, parental
history of MI, physical activity, alcohol consumption, multivitamin use |
ov +,
ov/ob + |
35 |
Rancho
Bernardo Study |
56 |
40-79 |
1972-1974 |
14 |
|
1100 |
1351 |
nondiabetics
and diabetics |
age,
cholesterol, SBP, smoking, diabetes |
bmi 0 |
36 |
Renfrew and Paisley survey |
57 |
45-64 |
1972-1976 |
20 |
|
7048 |
8354 |
|
|
|
36 |
Renfrew
and Paisley survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men and
women, death or hospital admission |
age, sex,
adjusted FEV1, smoking, social class |
ob + |
36 |
Renfrew
and Paisley survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
mortality |
age, sex,
adjusted FEV1, smoking, social class |
ov +, ob + |
36 |
Renfrew
and Paisley survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
mortality |
age, sex,
adjusted FEV1, smoking, social class |
ov 0, ob + |
36 |
Renfrew
and Paisley survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men,
mortality |
age, sex,
adjusted FEV1, smoking, social class, SBP, cholesterol, history of diabetes |
ob + |
36 |
Renfrew
and Paisley survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
women,
mortality |
age, sex,
adjusted FEV1, smoking, social class, SBP, cholesterol, history of diabetes |
ob + |
37 |
Seven
Countries Study |
58 |
65-84 |
1984 |
5 |
|
476 |
|
men
without prevalent CHD |
age, area
of residence, total cholesterol, HDL, total/HDL ratio, SBP, DBP,
antihypertensive medication, smoking |
bmi 0 |
38 |
The
Social Insurance Institution’s Coronary Heart Disease Study |
59 |
20-92 |
1973-1977 |
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
38 |
The Social
Insurance Institution’s Coronary Heart Disease Study |
|
|
|
|
|
2301 |
|
men 20-64,
never-smokers |
age,
educational level, geographic region, alcohol use |
ov +, ob + |
38 |
The Social
Insurance Institution’s Coronary Heart Disease Study |
|
|
|
|
|
176 |
|
men
≥65, never-smokers |
age,
educational level, geographic region, alcohol use |
ov + ns,
ob + |
38 |
The Social
Insurance Institution’s Coronary Heart Disease Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5017 |
women
20-64, never-smokers |
age,
educational level, geographic region, alcohol use |
ov +, ob + |
38 |
The Social
Insurance Institution’s Coronary Heart Disease Study |
|
|
|
|
|
|
558 |
women
≥65, never-smokers |
age,
educational level, geographic region, alcohol use |
ov - ns,
ob – ns |
38 |
The Social
Insurance Institution’s Coronary Heart Disease Study |
|
|
|
|
|
7579 |
|
men 20-64 |
age,
educational level, geographic region, alcohol use, smoking |
ov +, ob + |
38 |
The Social
Insurance Institution’s Coronary Heart Disease Study |
|
|
|
|
|
527 |
|
men
≥65 |
age,
educational level, geographic region, alcohol use, smoking |
ov + ns,
ob + ns |
39 |
|
60 |
45-64 |
1982-1984 |
13 |
|
583 |
713 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nondiabetic
men CHD death |
age, area
of residence, smoking, SBP, total cholesterol, HDL, fasting glucose,
triglycerides (with HDL omitted), HbA1 (with fasting glucose omitted) |
bmi - ns |
39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nondiabetic
women CHD death |
age, area
of residence, smoking, SBP, total cholesterol, HDL, fasting glucose,
triglycerides (with HDL omitted), HbA1 (with fasting glucose omitted) |
bmi + ns |
39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nondiabetic
men CHD event |
age, area
of residence, smoking, SBP, total cholesterol, HDL, fasting glucose,
triglycerides (with HDL omitted), HbA1 (with fasting glucose omitted) |
bmi - |
39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nondiabetic
women CHD event |
age, area
of residence, smoking, SBP, total cholesterol, HDL, fasting glucose,
triglycerides (with HDL omitted), HbA1 (with fasting glucose omitted) |
bmi + ns |
*
Results are given for overweight (ov) if a category is defined as a body mass
index (BMI) range anywhere between 25 and 30. Results are given for obesity
(ob) if a category is defined as BMI ≥ 30. Results are given for
overweight and obesity combined (ov/ob) if a category starts from any BMI
≥ 25 and ends at any BMI ≥ 30 or has no upper boundary. Reference
categories are the normal weight or lowest category. Results for BMI as a
continuous variable are indicated with ‘bmi’. + indicates a relative risk of
coronary heart disease above 1, - a relative risk below 1, and 0 a relative
risk between 0.99 and 1.01. ‘ns’ indicates
statistically non-significant results.
† No relative risks for
overweight or obesity category reported. For men the relative risk is 1.2
(0.8-1.8) for BMI 23.8-40.5 and for women 1.7 (1.3-2.2) for BMI 22.5-65.6.
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