English Abstract The international aviation and shipping sectors
contribute significantly to climatic change and air pollution. Until now,
however, Parties to the United Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) have not been able to agree on a methodology to assign
responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions from these sectors. In
addition, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the
International Maritime Organization (IMO) have not been able to agree on any
action to ensure effective implementation of mitigation policies to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions from international aviation and shipping. However,
both ICAO and IMO are investigating several policy options. These options
may have implications for monitoring and reporting requirements as well as
for the allocation of responsibility for international climate emissions
from both sectors. It is for this reason that the present report focuses
broadly on all these issues. Against this background, the Netherlands
Research Programme on Climate Change (NRP-CC) asked CE Delft and its
partners to provide an assessment of the latest policy developments and
scientific findings on the following issues: Development of greenhouse gas
emissions from international aviation and shipping. Impacts on climate;
for aviation an update of scientific findings since the 1999 IPCC Special
Report on Aviation and the Global Atmosphere. Allocation options.
Development of mitigation policies at global and EU levels for aviation and
shipping. Data availability and data requirements. The primary aim of this
report is to inform representatives of Ministries of Transport and
Environment of the EU-25 and other stakeholders on the latest scientific
findings and policy developments with regard to the aforementioned issues.
This may facilitate further policy discussions in the UNFCCC, within ICAO,
IMO and the EU with respect to monitoring and allocation of greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions from international aviation and shipping and possible
policies to mitigate those emissions.