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SILENCE

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PEACEFUL MUSIC

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VOICE-OVER:
A man is sweeping out his shed.

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A harmless routine activity,
or is it?

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This is an example
related to the everyday work of RIVM.

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If the shed is infested with
a rodent species known as the bank vole,

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the man could contract hantavirus
and become ill.

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A disease that can be transmitted from
animals to humans is called a zoonosis.

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THE PEACEFUL MUSIC
FADES AWAY

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VOICE-OVER: Infections with hantavirus
are transmitted by an indirect route.

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Some other zoonoses
are more familiar.

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Bird flu, for example, which was spread from
birds to humans at poultry markets in Asia.

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Or Q fever, which recently caused
a large outbreak in the Netherlands,

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transmitted by goats
and sheep.

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MRSA, which is found in
a large proportion of pigs and cattle.

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The ESBL-producing bacteria can be found
in chicken and poultry meat.

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There are several ways
in which humans can contract

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infectious diseases
from animals.

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YVONNE VAN DUYNHOVEN:
Zoonoses are infectious diseases

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that are transmitted
from animals to humans

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and you can get a zoonosis
by having contact with infected animals

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or faeces or urine
from these animals

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or you can get it
by consuming contaminated meat,

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and if it is not well cooked
when you eat it, you can get infected.

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Or you can get the infection
through contact with the environment.

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For instance, by swimming in recreational
lakes contaminated by the pathogens.

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VOICE-OVER:
RIVM conducts many research projects.

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One study focuses
on echinococcal disease,

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caused by a parasite
carried by foxes.

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The eggs of the parasitic tapeworm
echinococcosis multilocularis

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are present
in the animal's faeces.

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They're a potential source
of human infection.

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A problem which is most common
in the South Limburg region.

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Recent years have seen
much attention paid to Lyme disease,

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which is transmitted
by ticks.

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Lyme disease is on the rise
in the Netherlands.

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It has major social impact
because anyone can be bitten by a tick.

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RIVM and
the Ministry of Health

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have launched an awareness and
information campaign about Lyme disease.

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It includes a website and printed materials
distributed by GPs, General Practitioners

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and municipal
health services.

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Ticks can be found
throughout the world.

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Zoonoses do not respect borders,
so we have to collaborate a lot

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and for us our European partners
are the most important ones,

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and these are the sister institutes
of the RIVM.

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In Europe we also have
a co-ordinating centre, which is the ECDC,

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the European Centre
for Disease Control in Stockholm,

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and we also have
the World Health Organization.

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VOICE-OVER:
RIVM researches the risk of zoonoses

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among people who work with animals,
such as poultry and pig farmers,

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and for communities
close to livestock farms.

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TRANQUIL MUSIC

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VOICE-OVER:
RIVM's research into ESBLs

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is commissioned by the Netherlands Food
and Consumer Product Safety Authority.

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The study focuses
on both the animal and the farmer.

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THE TRANQUIL MUSIC
CONTINUES

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JOKE VAN DER GIESSEN: For the
adequate signalling and control of zoonoses,

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collaboration between the human
and the animal field is very important

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and we work
closely together.

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And it has become
more important

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since outbreaks occurred
in the Netherlands some years ago.

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In the veterinary field the control
of zoonoses is organised very differently

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from in the human field,
so it was not so obvious to work together,

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but we are learning
and we are doing better and better.

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VOICE-OVER:
Pig manure is sent

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to the Food and Consumer Product
Safety Authority for analysis.

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The farmer's faeces
is analysed at the RIVM laboratory.

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VOICE-OVER: To provide
an effective response to zoonoses

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RIVM takes a fully
integrated approach

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in which attention is paid to people,
animals and the environment.

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This is crucial as human health
is dependent on that of animals.

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THE TRANQUIL MUSIC CONTINUES
FOR A WHILE AND THEN STOPS