RIVM asked experts from the fields of science, policy and practice about future international threats to public health in the Netherlands, including the Caribbean Netherlands. In addition to the risks mentioned above, the consequences of climate change, such as increasing temperatures and more extreme weather events, were also often mentioned. Furthermore, the experts emphasise the importance of viewing these threats as interconnected, as different threats can influence and reinforce each other.  

No room for complacency

RIVM researchers note that the Netherlands is at the forefront of tackling certain threats, such as in the field of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Other examples of the Netherlands doing well are the National Heatwave Plan and the National Climate Adaptation Strategy. The Netherlands has also drawn up an approach for combatting disinformation and misinformation. However, the rapid pace of change in the risk landscape means that sustained attention is required and that there is no room for complacency by the Netherlands.

Joint approach to tackling threats

Another conclusion is that increasingly coordinated efforts are needed to tackle complex health threats. Although there is a growing awareness of the need for cooperation across different policy areas, this is not reflected in practice due to different working methods and a lack of shared responsibility. The principle of Health in All Policies (HiAP) provides a valuable framework in this context, with public health  a unifying theme connecting sectors such as the environment, economy, social affairs and defence.

International threats also require an international approach

Cooperation is important not only at national level, but also at international level. This means that measures and responsibilities at the global, European, national and regional levels need to be properly aligned. For example, the Netherlands should continue to cooperate closely with the European Union and global organisations, such as the WHO. Enhanced cooperation and preparedness among international partners will reduce the risk to public health in the Netherlands.

Sustained investment in knowledge and strategic foresight

This study shows that threats are evolving rapidly and that the interconnection between them is becoming increasingly important. It is therefore important that the government commits to long-term investments in strategic foresight to ensure that the Netherlands is better prepared for future developments and global challenges.  

This study was commissioned by the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport.