Disease symptoms in humans

Seoul virus infection does not necessarily lead to disease. If people do get ill, it usually results in mild flu-like symptoms. In rare cases, severe symptoms may develop, such as hepatitis, fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, general malaise, muscle weakness in the legs and lower back pain. Even more rarely, Seoul virus infection can lead to kidney failure or even haemorrhagic fever (fever with internal bleeding).

Disease symptoms in animals

Rats can become infected with the Seoul virus by biting and scratching each other or by coming into contact with the droppings of other rats. As is the case with the other hantaviruses, rats are carriers but do not become ill from infection with the Seoul virus.

Infection and prevention

Seoul viruses enter the environment via urine, droppings and saliva of brown and black rats. The virus can survive an average of 2 weeks after excretion. Recent Seoul virus infections in people in the Netherlands have been caused by those who are breeding rats or who keep pet rats.

Avoid intensive contact with rats as much as possible. It is also important to observe standard hygiene measures. After contact with rats or their enclosures, always wash your hands thoroughly. Regular cleaning of the cage is recommended. It is also important to be aware that even a rat that appears healthy can carry the virus.

The risk of infection with the Seoul virus is probably small. People who have frequent contact with pet rats are at higher risk of infection.

How often does a Seoul virus infection occur?

The Seoul virus occurs in rats. It was also detected in pet rats in the Netherlands in 2016, and some people have since become ill from the virus.