The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) has recently determined that hydroxyapatite (HAP) in nanoform is safe for use in oral care products, with concentrations up to 29.5% in toothpaste and 10% in mouthwash. New safety showed that HAP nano does not cause genetic mutations, cytotoxicity, or inflammation, and is not significantly taken up by cells. The safety assessment applies only to specific types of HAP nano particles that meet certain criteria, such as rod-shaped particles with specific length-to-width ratios and no surface modifications. The case demonstrates that high-quality in vitro safety data can increase the possibilities of safely marketing nanomaterials.

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recently evaluated silver as a food additive (E 174) and concluded that it cannot confirm its safety. This uncertainty arises from significant gaps in scientific data, particularly regarding the physicochemical properties and potential toxicity of silver particles at the nanoscale. The EC will consider EFSA's opinion when shaping its policy on the use of E 174 as a food additive.

Recent advancements in food packaging that use nanotechnology have the potential to improve food quality and safety by extending freshness, repairing damaged packaging, and informing consumers about spoilage. These innovations also offer sustainability benefits by reducing food waste and providing more environmentally friendly packaging options. However, it is crucial to ensure the safety of nanomaterials in food packaging for human health. A “safe-and-sustainable-by-design” approach can help balance innovation, sustainability, recyclability, and safety in packaging development.

Researchers tested the Prevention through Design (PtD) approach by examining the transition from laboratory-scale to pilot-scale production of Few-Layer Graphene (FLG). Based on PtD principles, they recommended reducing worker exposure to FLG during pilot-scale production through measures like using closed systems, local exhaust ventilation, and semi-automatic storage systems. The use of PtD in this study provides valuable insights on safety measures during scale up of nanomaterial production in similar settings.

Researchers have proposed an approach to create metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that are designed to be safe and sustainable. The approach categorises the transformations that these materials undergo, helping to prevent the formation of harmful transformation products. MOFs are composed of metal clusters linked to organic compounds, resulting in porous structures that are useful in various applications, including catalysis, energy storage, water treatment, and sensors. By adopting a safe and sustainable approach in their design, the full potential of MOFs can be realised.

Recent research highlights the complexities surrounding the regulation of manufactured multicomponent nanomaterials (MCNMs) under the European chemicals’ regulation REACH. Although most of these materials are covered by REACH and its nano-specific updates, uncertainties remain regarding their categorisation and assessment. More precise definitions and guidelines are needed to ensure safe and sustainable management of these advanced materials as technology evolves.

Researchers have developed an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) that describes how nanomaterials (NMs) can compromise the gut’s protective barrier, leading to a “leaky gut”. The AOP outlines the biological mechanisms through which ingested NMs can harm intestinal integrity and increase permeability. Despite existing uncertainties and knowledge gaps, the AOP and associated testing methods are relevant for the risk assessment of NMs.

Recent advancements in recycling technologies for carbon nanotubes and epoxy resins show promise in enhancing their sustainability and reusability. By focusing on innovative bonding techniques, researchers are tackling the complex challenges associated with recycling these strong materials, paving the way for a more efficient circular economy.

The EU Innovation Network of regulators has released a Horizon Scanning Report on Nanomedicines, highlighting key trends, challenges and recommendations for regulatory collaboration. It emphasises the growing applications of nanotechnology in medicine and the need for improved regulatory frameworks. A new platform for regulatory science research is set to launch in 2025, aimed at enhancing dialogue between researchers and regulators. This call for regulatory preparedness aligns with similar recommendations and initiatives in the field of nanomaterials.

The UK government hosted two workshops to promote collaboration on the safe and sustainable development of advanced materials. These events brought together diverse stakeholders to share insights and shape relevant policies. Attendees highlighted the need for regulatory definitions, standards and test methods, and incentives to stimulate safe and sustainable development (SSbD) of advanced materials. In particular, there was a call for training small and medium enterprises (SMEs) on the SSbD concept and tools available for implementation. In addition, RIVM identified a need for improved integration of sustainability aspects like durability, reusability, and recyclability into SSbD approaches.