On 7 February 2023, a proposal for a European ban on PFAS has been published by ECHA. A ban in this context is also referred to as a restriction. The Netherlands worked on this proposal together with Denmark, Germany, Norway and Sweden.
The ultimate aim of the restriction proposal is a ban on the use of these substances to limit the risks to people and the environment. The proposal focuses on the entire group of PFAS substances in order to avoid one PFAS being replaced by another. Details of the proposed ban are published on the website of ECHA (News). Preparing a proposal is a long and intensive process. The preparation and submission of the proposal were just the first step. We would be happy to keep you informed about the progress of the restriction dossier via this website.
PFAS process; from intention to proposal to decision
There are three stages in the process of banning the use of PFAS. The first (completed) stage was to prepare and submit a restriction proposal. The Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management (I&W) and RIVM were working together with the partner organisations of the other member states concerned. To that end, scientific literature was consulted and information was obtained at various times.
The second stage starts with a public consultation is launched. Everyone can submit information or have an opinion about the proposal. This information will be processed. The next step is for the ECHA Scientific Committees (RAC and SEAC) to prepare their opinions. In the final stage, the European Commission drafts a proposal. The member states will decide whether or not to adopt this proposal. After the decision, the legislation enters into force.
More information
The ECHA website has a detailed description of this process with explanatory notes.
Why Europe Wants to Restrict PFAS | Bureau REACH Explains
PFAS zijn de afgelopen jaren veel in de aandacht geweest—vanuit de wetenschap, de maatschappij en de politiek. PFAS vormen een grote groep door de mens gemaakte stoffen met specifieke, nuttige eigenschappen. Daardoor worden ze op grote schaal gebruikt.
Een aantal van die eigenschappen zijn dat PFAS water-, vet- en vuilafstotend zijn. Dat maakt ze geschikt voor toepassingen in textiel en verpakkingen. Daarnaast kunnen PFAS goed tegen bijtende stoffen, kunnen ze extreme kou en hitte verdragen en geleiden ze elektriciteit heel slecht. Daarmee zijn ze ook bruikbaar in elektronische toepassingen en in de industrie.
Aan die eigenschappen zitten echter ook negatieve kanten. PFAS zijn slecht voor het milieu en voor de menselijke gezondheid. Het is een groep stoffen die in het milieu heel slecht afbreekt en zich makkelijk verspreidt. Daardoor komt eigenlijk alles wat leeft in aanraking met PFAS: planten, dieren en mensen—ook in de omgeving van het RIVM.
Onderzoek laat zien dat vrijwel alle Nederlanders PFAS in hun bloed hebben, soms ook in gehalten die invloed kunnen hebben op de gezondheid. PFAS worden in verband gebracht met een verminderd werkend afweersysteem, met een verhoogd cholesterolgehalte en in sommige gevallen met een mogelijk kankerverwekkend effect.
Als PFAS eenmaal in het milieu aanwezig zijn, is het heel lastig om deze groep van stoffen te verwijderen. En als het al mogelijk is, dan is het vaak zeer kostbaar. Daarom is het het meest effectief om PFAS aan te pakken vóórdat ze in het milieu terechtkomen.
Nederland heeft daarom, samen met Duitsland, Zweden, Noorwegen en Denemarken, een voorstel ingediend om het gebruik van PFAS te beperken. Dit voorstel is ingediend bij het Europees Agentschap voor Chemische Stoffen (ECHA). Op dit voorstel zijn ruim 5.600 reacties binnengekomen van belanghebbenden, met extra informatie over het gebruik van PFAS en over de voorgestelde maatregelen. In totaal ging het om ruim 100.000 pagina’s, die zijn verwerkt om het voorstel verder te verbeteren.
Momenteel beoordelen de wetenschappelijke comités van ECHA het voorstel. De planning is dat zij hiermee in het voorjaar van 2026 klaar zijn. Daarna is er nog ruimte voor inspraak op de voorgestelde maatregelen.
Waar het kan, stellen we voor om PFAS snel te verbieden. Waar dat (nog) niet kan, krijgt de industrie extra tijd om tot geschikte alternatieven te komen. Zo proberen we ervoor te zorgen dat er in de toekomst bijna geen PFAS meer in het milieu terechtkomen.
PFAS have received a lot of attention in recent years—from the scientific community, society, and politics. PFAS make up a large group of man-made substances with specific, useful properties. As a result, they are used on a large scale.
Some of these properties are that PFAS are water, grease, and dirt repellent. This makes them suitable for applications in textiles and packaging. Additionally, PFAS are resistant to corrosive substances, can withstand extreme cold and heat, and conduct electricity very poorly. This also makes them useful in electronic applications and in industry.
However, these properties also have negative sides. PFAS are harmful to the environment and to human health. They are a group of substances that break down very poorly in the environment and spread easily. As a result, almost all living things come into contact with PFAS: plants, animals, and people—even in the vicinity of the RIVM.
Studies show that almost all Dutch people have PFAS in their blood, sometimes at levels that can affect health. PFAS have been linked to a weakened immune system, increased cholesterol levels, and in some cases, a potentially carcinogenic effect.
Once PFAS are present in the environment, it is very difficult to remove this group of substances. And if it is possible at all, it is often extremely costly. That is why it is most effective to address PFAS before they end up in the environment.
For this reason, the Netherlands, together with Germany, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, has submitted a proposal to restrict the use of PFAS. This proposal was submitted to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). More than 5,600 responses were received from stakeholders, providing additional information about the use of PFAS and the proposed measures. In total, this amounted to more than 100,000 pages, which have been processed to further improve the dossier.
Currently, the scientific committees of ECHA are assessing the dossier. The plan is to be ready in the spring of 2026. After that, there will be a consultation giving an opportunity to react on the proposed measures.
Where possible, we propose to quickly ban PFAS. Where that is (not yet) possible, the industry will be given extra time to come up with suitable alternatives. In this way, we are trying to ensure that in the future, almost no PFAS will end up in the environment.
Proposal PFAS restriction
This animation explains why a ban on PFAS is needed and what the process is to achieve this ban. With emphasis on the role of the RIVM (Bureau REACH) within the process.
Voice-over text:
PFAS are chemicals found in many products.
Text on screen:
PFAS
Rainwear
Non-stick coating
Cosmetics
Medical equipment
Voice-over text:
These substances spread easily, are harmful to the environment and health, and do not disappear.
To prevent new PFAS from entering the environment, five European countries are working together on a proposal for an EU ban.
Text on screen:
EU PFAS Ban
Voice-over text:
Bureau REACH, part of the RIVM, is cooperating on behalf of the Netherlands.
Text on screen:
RIVM
Voice-over text:
The ban would target every type of PFAS manufactured in, or imported into Europe, forcing companies to look for safer alternatives.
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Roughly 10.000 types of PFAS
EU PFAS Ban
Voice-over text:
In the first phase of the process, all scientific information was collected and studied and the applications of PFAS were mapped out.
Text on screen:
Process
Phase 1
Preparing the proposal
1019-1023
Voice-over text:
Stakeholders were given six months to share relevant information, the Dutch House of Representatives was informed, and finally the five countries prepared a dossier containing their proposal.
Text on screen:
RIVM
House of Representatives
EU PFAS Ban
Voice-over text:
On 13 January 2023, this dossier was submitted to the European Chemicals Agency, or ECHA, to perform a conformity check.
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ECHA
13 Januari, 2023
European Chemicals Agency
Voice-over text:
In the second phase, ECHA will make the dossier public… and give people 6 months to respond.
Text on screen:
Process
Phase 2
Opinion development
2023-2024
6 months
EU PFAS Ban
Voice-over text:
After that, independent scientists will give their recommendations and then everyone can respond to these too.
In the third phase the proposal and the scientific recommendations will be submitted to the European Commission.
Text on screen:
Process
Phase 3
Decision-making
2024-2025
EU PFAS Ban
Voice-over text:
They will vote on implementing a ban, and then the law will come into force.
The ban will take effect after a few months, though for applications that are difficult to replace, companies will get more time to find an alternative.
Text on screen:
After a few months
Voice-over text:
Ultimately, a European ban on PFAS will ensure a safer and healthier living environment.
Text on screen:
For more information, go to: rivm.nl/en/pfas-restriction