Each week, around eighteen laboratories report the number of detections (positive test results) of various respiratory pathogens to the RIVM. In addition, there are seven laboratories that only report the number of SARS-CoV-2 detections. All these laboratories together report to the national virological laboratory surveillance of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV) of the Dutch Society for Medical Microbiology (NVMM). More background information about the virological laboratory surveillance can be found in the document ‘Background and methods on respiratory surveillance 2024/2025’.
Because respiratory infections mainly occur in winter, the data are presented for a respiratory season or a respiratory year. A respiratory year runs from week 40 of one year through week 39 of the following year. A respiratory season runs from week 40 of one year through week 20 of the following year. On this page, the data for the 2024/2025 respiratory year is limited to the respiratory season. For an overview of the dynamics of the various pathogens, see the figures below. The figures for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza virus, and RSV are shown in the specific chapters about these viruses.
Human seasonal coronaviruses
DeThe circulation of human seasonal coronaviruses increased from week 46 of 2024. This corresponds to the time of increase in the previous respiratory season 2023/2024 and is in line with the last five seasons before the COVID-19 pandemic (2014/2015 through 2018/2019). For more information, see the annual report on respiratory surveillance 2018/2019.
Parainfluenza virus type 1
The number of detections of parainfluenza virus type 1 increased around week 37 of 2024, at the end of the previous respiratory year. The timing of the increase has varied during the past 5 respiratory seasons. This was also seen in the last five respiratory seasons before the COVID-19 pandemic (2014/2015 through 2018/2019). For more information, see the annual report on respiratory surveillance 2018/2019. The recent respiratory season is most similar to the respiratory seasons 2015/2016 and 2017/2018.
Parainfluenza virus type 3
Just like in the respiratory seasons 2020/2021 through 2022/2023, the number of detections of parainfluenza virus type 3 started to increase around week 15, at the end of the 2024/2025 respiratory season. This is in line with the respiratory seasons before the COVID-19 pandemic, when parainfluenza virus type 3 was mainly present in summer. For more information, see the annual report on respiratory surveillance 2018/2019.
Parainfluenza virus type 4
During the 2024/2025 respiratory season, the circulation of parainfluenza virus type 4 started to increase in week 46 of 2024. By week 5 of 2025, the number of detections had returned to baseline. The timing in the season is similar to the situation in respiratory seasons before the COVID-19 pandemic (2014/2015 through 2018/2019). For more information, see the annual report on respiratory surveillance 2018/2019.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
During the 2023/2024 respiratory season, we saw an increase of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. During the past 2024/2025 respiratory season, the number of detections returned to the baseline level from before the COVID-19 pandemic. For more information, see the annual report on respiratory surveillance 2018/2019.
Note: Changes in the number of positive test results in the virological laboratory surveillance are not necessarily caused by actual changes in the incidence of infections. They may also be caused by changes in testing policy and procedures by doctors and/or microbiological laboratories. Because the testing policy is not the same for every pathogen, comparing the number of positive tests between pathogens should be done with caution.
Fig 1 vir wk rhinovirus
Skip chart Figure 1. Weekly number of reported detections for rhinovirus in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 2 hmpv
Skip chart Figure 2. Weekly number of reported detections for human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 3 seizoenscoronavirus
Skip chart Figure 3. Weekly number of reported detections for human seasonal coronaviruses (excluding SARS-CoV-2) in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 4 para 1
Skip chart Figure 4. Weekly number of reported detections for parainfluenza virus type 1 in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 5 para 2
Skip chart Figure 5. Weekly number of reported detections for parainfluenza virus type 2 in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 6 para 3
Skip chart Figure 6. Weekly number of reported detections for parainfluenza virus type 3 in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 7 para 4
Skip chart Figure 7. Weekly number of reported detections for parainfluenza virus type 4 in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 8 Chlam pneu
Skip chart Figure 8. Weekly number of reported detections for Chlamydia pneumoniae in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 9 Myco pneu
Skip chart Figure 9. Weekly number of reported detections for Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 10 adenovirus
Skip chart Figure 10. Weekly number of reported detections for adenovirus in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.
Fig 11 bocavirus
Skip chart Figure 11. Weekly number of reported detections for bocavirus in the virological laboratory surveillance, from week 40 of 2020 through week 20 of 2025. (Source: Virological laboratory surveillance, RIVM) and go to datatableNote: This data is owned by the laboratories participating in virological laboratory surveillance, represented by the board of the Dutch Working Group for Clinical Virology (NWKV). The database management is handled by RIVM. Further use of this data is not allowed without permission. Permission to use this data can be requested by contacting virweekstaten@rivm.nl.