Abstract

National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) and the Trimbos Institute monitor the state of mental health in the Netherlands. Their mental health monitor examines several groups, such as children, adolescents (aged 12-18), students, young adults (aged 16-25), adults, elderly (aged 65 and over) and employees. The monitor uses data from existing studies, along with insights from policy experts , research and practice, and from members of the target groups themselves. The results will help the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport to develop policies aimed at improving mental health.

The results show that a large proportion of the population are satisfied with their lives. At the same time, many people experience mental health problems such as feelings of anxiety or depression. Among some groups, mental health has been declining for quite some time, even before the COVID-19 pandemic. This decline is particularly noticeable among adolescents, young adults and women.

Mental health depends on a variety of factors, associated with the individual and with their environment. According to the monitor, key factors that determine mental health include a person's own perception of their health and whether they have access to support, for example from family and friends or at school. A slightly weaker association has been found with being in paid work or being able to provide for one's basic needs (socio-economic security). Mental health also depends on lifestyle factors, such as smoking or cannabis use.

Mental health issues have far-reaching consequences for the people concerned and for society as a whole. Mental illness accounts for the greatest loss of health in the Netherlands, in terms of quality of life and premature death. Moreover, in many cases people have to wait a long time before they have access to professional help, which can cause symptoms to worsen. The costs of care, sickness absence and disability due to mental health issues are high.

To improve mental health, it is important to focus on the factors that influence mental health across all age groups. Early-stage intervention can help to prevent more serious problems and the need for care later on. To that end, it is necessary to strengthen people's mental health by identifying problems at an early stage and providing effective support and care. Society as a whole has a responsibility for mental health. Therefore cooperation between many different organisations and policies area's is required.