21 March 2023 | 17:30

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 21 March 2023

Changes to the weekly updates

As the recommendations regarding testing and self-tests have been lifted and the GGD test lanes are closing, fewer indicators from the various surveillance sources will be included in this update. From 14 March on, this weekly update will no longer include figures for new infections reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs), positive tests from the GGD test lanes, or the reproduction number.

Current status of the coronavirus thermometer 

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government has also included the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Spread of the virus and admissions

In week 10 (6 – 12 March 2023), sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load increased compared to the week before (+2%). In the first three days of week 11 (13 – 15 March 2023), the average viral load decreased by 39%. The variant detected most frequently in sewage was recombinant XBB.1.5. In the Infection Radar survey last week, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 decreased slightly compared to the week before that (from 4.7% to 4.3%). The number of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 also decreased slightly (from 2.0% to 1.7%) compared to the week before that. The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased slightly (-8%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased. There were 35 ICU admissions last week, compared to 60 ICU admissions the week before.

Virus variants

In week 10, as in previous weeks, the XBB.1.5 variant was observed most frequently in sewage. An increase was also observed in XBB.1.9. Since week 7 of 2023, pathogen surveillance has shown that XBB (including XBB.1.5 and XXB.1.9) is responsible for the highest number of infections. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

¹Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 20 March 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 2 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

³ Ideally, a total of 3 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

⁵As published 21 March 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶As published 14 March 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁷The daily number of unique survey participants reporting possible COVID-19 symptoms who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the daily number of unique participants who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁸The daily number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, PCR test or rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁹Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

21 March 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 19 March 2023, more than 4.2 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.7%.  

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures. 

15 March 2023 |  9.30

Risk of COVID-19 hospital and ICU admission more than 50% lower among over-60s with repeat vaccination in the autumn round

In the period from 3 October 2022 to 6 March 2023, the risk of hospital admission for people aged 60 years and older who received a repeat vaccination against COVID-19 in the autumn round was 54% lower than for people over 60 who had previously received at least one COVID-19 vaccination, but had not received a repeat vaccination in the autumn round. Similarly, the risk of ICU admission was 52% lower. The number of hospital admissions increased in the past month, mainly among people aged 60 years and older.

Read more on the page: Risk of COVID-19 hospital and ICU admission more than 50% lower among over-60s with repeat vaccination in the autumn round 

14 March 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 12 March 2023, more than 4.2 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.7%.  

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures. 

14 March 2023 | 16:45

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 14 March 2023

Changes to the weekly updates

As the recommendations regarding testing and self-tests have been lifted and the GGD test lanes are closing, fewer indicators from the various surveillance sources will be included in this update. From 14 March on, this weekly update will no longer include figures for new infections reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs), positive tests from the GGD test lanes, or the reproduction number.

Current status of the coronavirus thermometer 

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government has also included the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Spread of the virus and admissions

In week 9 (27 February – 5 March 2023), sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load increased compared to the week before (+23%). In the first three days of week 10 (6 – 8 March 2023), the average viral load stabilised (+2%). The variant detected most frequently in sewage was recombinant XBB.1.5. In the Infection Radar survey last week, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 decreased slightly compared to the week before that (from 5.3% to 4.7%). The number of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 also decreased (from 2.3% to 2.0%) compared to the week before that. The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased slightly (+7%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased slightly. There were 60 ICU admissions last week, compared to 63 ICU admissions the week before.

Virus variants

Since week 7 of 2023, pathogen surveillance has shown that XBB (including XBB.1.5 and XXB.1.9) is responsible for the highest number of infections. The latest calculations suggest that XBB variants (including XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.9) will remain dominant in the Netherlands for some time. However, it is also possible that multiple sub-variants may continue circulating simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

¹Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 13 March 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

⁵As published 14 March 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶As published 7 March 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁷Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 121February 2023 10:01 and 28 February 2023 10:00..

⁷The daily number of unique survey participants reporting possible COVID-19 symptoms who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the daily number of unique participants who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁸The daily number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, PCR test or rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁹Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. 

7 March 2023 | 17:00

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 7March 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey,the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week stabilised compared to the week before that (from +5.4% to +5.3%). The percentage of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) increased slightly (from +2.1% to +2.3%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) decreased (-17%) last week. The number of people tested by the GGD decreased significantly (-55%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 increased last week (+20%). On 21 February 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 0.88 (0.76 – 1.01). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased (+39%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also increased. There were 63 ICU admissions last week, compared to 40 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 9 (20 - 26 February 2023), sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load increased compared to the week before (+53%). In the first two days of week 9 (27 February – 1 March 2023), the average viral load continued to increase (+23%). Recombinant XBB.1.5 was detected most frequently in sewage.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that many different SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Omicron lineage are circulating in the Netherlands. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.
Omicron BA.1 BA.2 and BA.5 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1). Since week 7 of 2023,  XBB (including XBB.1.5) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. There has also been an increase in XBF, a recombinant variant which is rising in Australia, although infections are still limited for now. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.
The latest calculations suggest that XBB (including XBB.1.5) will remain dominant in the Netherlands for some time. However, it is also possible that multiple sub-variants may circulate simultaneously for extended periods. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge.

¹ As published 7 March 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 28 February 2023 10:01 and 27 March 2023 10:00.

³As published 28 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 121February 2023 10:01 and 28 February 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published 287 March 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ More information about the reproduction number. 

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 6 March 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

7 March 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 5 March 2023, more than 4.2 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.7%.  

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures.  

7 March 2023 | 15:45

COVID-19 less severe due to Omicron variants, vaccinations and previous infections

The consequences of infections involving the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are decreasing. This is because nearly everyone in the Netherlands has built up immunity to COVID-19 as a result of vaccination and/or previous infection, and because the current Omicron variants are less likely to cause serious illness. These insights have become apparent over time by connecting data from different sources, such as the National Sewage Surveillance, the National Intensive Care Foundation (NICE) and pathogen surveillance in the Netherlands.

Read the news: COVID-19 less severe due to Omicron variants, vaccinations and previous infections

28 February 2023 | 17:15

Advisory report of the 146th OMT COVID-19

The Outbreak Management Team for the outbreak of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 convened on Friday 10 February 2023. The OMT COVID-19 consultation included discussions on:

• the current epidemiological situation;
• the impact of measures (including discontinuation) 

The guidance letter and attached documents are available for download from the website of the national government.

28 February 2023 | 17:15

Second advisory report of the OMT-V

The Outbreak Management Team on Vaccination (OMT-V) in the context of the outbreak of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 convened on Friday 17 February 2023. The OMT-V consultation included discussions on a new round of COVID-19 vaccinations for the general population of the Netherlands or for specific groups. The Minister of Health, Welfare and Sport (VWS) sent the advisory report to the House of Representatives. The guidance letter and attached documents are available for download from the website of the national government.

28 February 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 26 February 2023, more than 4.2 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.7%.  

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures. 

28 February 2023 | 15:10

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 28 February 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week increased slightly compared to the week before that (from +4.9% to +5.4%). The percentage of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) also increased slightly  (from +1.5% to +2.1%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) increased (+20%) last week. The number of people tested by the GGD also increased slightly (+2%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 increased last week (+18%). On 14 February 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 1.07 (0.91 – 1.24). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased (+39%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also increased. There were 40 ICU admissions last week, compared to 26 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 7 (16 – 22 February 2023), sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load increased compared to the week before (+37%). In the first two days of week 8 (20–22 February 2023), the average viral load continued to increase (+34%). Recombinant XBB  was increasingly detected in sewage.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that many different SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Omicron lineage are circulating in the Netherlands. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48 of 2022, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) was responsible for the highest number of infections. By now, BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 are showing a downward trend. We are seeing an increase in recombinant XBB (including XBB.1.5, which had been rising sharply in the USA in recent months). There has also been an increase in XBF, a recombinant variant which is rising in Australia, although infections are still limited for now. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that  XBB (including XBB.1.5) will become dominant in the Netherlands within the very near future. However, it is also possible that multiple sub-variants may circulate simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge.

RIVM arrives at these estimates (trend forecasts) based on modelling. These estimates always have some margin of uncertainty.

¹ As published 28 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 21 February 2023 10:01 and 28 February 2023 10:00.

³As published 21 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 14 February 2023 10:01 and 21 February 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published 28 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ More information about the reproduction number. 

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 27 February 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

21 February 2023 | 16:30

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 21 February 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week increased slightly compared to the week before that (from +4.6% to +4.9%). The percentage of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) also increased (from +1.0% to +1.5%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) increased (+31%) last week, and the number of people tested by the GGD also increased (+29%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 increased last week (+45%). On 7 February 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 1.11 (0.91 – 1.32). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased (+26%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also increased, although numbers are still low. There were 26 ICU admissions last week, compared to 21 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 6 (6 – 12 February 2023), sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load  increased somewhat (+8%) compared to the week before. In the first  two days of week 7 (13–14 February 2023), the average viral load continued to increase (+13%). Recombinant XBB (a variant that combines properties of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants) was increasingly detected in sewage.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that many different SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Omicron lineage are circulating in the Netherlands. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48 of 2022, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) was responsible for the highest number of infections. We are seeing an increase in BA.2.75 (including sub-variant CH.1.1, which is on the rise in many European countries) and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines characteristics of various Omicron sub-variants). The sub-variant that has been rising sharply in the USA, known as XBB.1.5, is also increasing in the Netherlands. The same applies to XBF, a recombinant variant which is rising in Australia, although infections are still limited for now. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that  XBB (including XBB.1.5) may become dominant in the Netherlands within the very near future. However, BA.2.75 (including CH.1.1) and XBF are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may circulate simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge.

Declining numbers of test samples are available for sequencing in the context of pathogen surveillance. As a result, the margin of uncertainty is greater.

¹ As published 21 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 14 February 2023 10:01 and 21 February 2023 10:00.

³As published 14 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 7 February 2023 10:01 and 14 February 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published 21 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ More information about the reproduction number. 

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 20 February 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

21 February 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 19 February 2023, nearly 4.2 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.6%. 

The repeat vaccination is available to everyone aged 12 years and older who has completed the basic series of COVID-19 vaccinations. People can get the repeat vaccination starting from 3 months after their last COVID-19 vaccination or 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. You can make an appointment via planjeprik.nl. Walk-in vaccinations are still possible at many locations. For more information, see www.prikkenzonderafspraak.nl.

Table 1. Vaccination coverage for repeat vaccination against COVID-19 in the autumn round, completed basic series, week 38 (2022) to week 7 (2023). ^1-2

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures. 

14 February 2023 | 15:00

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 14 February 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week increased compared to the week before that (from +3.8% to +4.6%). The percentage of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 increased (from +0.6% to +1.0%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) increased (+15%) last week, and the number of people tested by the GGD also  increased somewhat (+11%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 increased last week (+19%). On 31 January 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 1.06 (0.85 – 1.29). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased (+22%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also increased, although numbers are still low. There were 21 ICU admissions last week, compared to 15 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 5 (30 January – 5 February 2023), sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load increased (+51%) compared to the week before. In the first  two days of week 6 (6–7 February 2023), the average viral load decreased slightly (-5%). The Omicron variant BA.2.75 and its sub-variants were increasingly detected in sewage, as was recombinant XBB (a variant that combines properties of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants). BQ.1 was also still found, alongside other sub-variants and recombinants.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that many different SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Omicron lineage are circulating in the Netherlands. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48 of 2022, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. A downward trend is now emerging in infections involving BQ.1 (and BQ.1.1). We are seeing an increase in BA.2.75 (including sub-variant CH.1.1, which is on the rise in many European countries) and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines characteristics of various Omicron sub-variants). The sub-variant that has been rising sharply in the USA, known as XBB.1.5, is also increasing in the Netherlands. The same applies to XBF, a recombinant variant which is rising in Australia, although infections are still limited for now. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that  XBB (including XBB.1.5) may become dominant in the Netherlands within the near future. However, BA.2.75 (including CH.1.1) and XBF are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may circulate simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge. 

Declining numbers of test samples are available for sequencing in the context of pathogen surveillance. As a result, the margin of uncertainty is greater.

¹ As published 14 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 7 February 2023 10:01 and 14 February 2023 10:00.

³As published 7 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 31 January 2023 10:01 and 7 February 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published 14 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ For more information about the reproduction number, click here.

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 13 February 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

7 February 2023 | 18:00

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 7 February 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week increased slightly compared to the week before that (from +3.3% to +3.8%). The percentage of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 remained the same (staying at +0.6%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) increased (+30%) last week, and the number of people tested by the GGD also increased (+35%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 increased last week (+30%). On 24 January 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 1.10 (0.86 – 1.37). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased slightly (+10%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased. There were 15 ICU admissions last week, compared to 20 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 4 (23 - 29 January 2023),  sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load increased slightly (+2.9%) compared to the week before. In the first half of week 5 (30 January – 1 February 2023), the average viral load remained similar (-0.4%). The Omicron variant BA.2.75 and its sub-variants were increasingly detected in sewage. BQ.1 was also still found frequently, as well as other BA.5 sub-variants and recombinants (variants that combine properties of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants).

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that many different SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Omicron lineage are circulating in the Netherlands. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well. 

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48 of 2022, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. A downward trend is now emerging in infections involving BQ.1 (and BQ.1.1). We are seeing an increase in BA.2.75 (including sub-variant CH.1.1, which is on the rise in many European countries) and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines characteristics of various Omicron sub-variants). The sub-variant that has been rising sharply in the USA, known as XBB.1.5, is also increasing in the Netherlands. The same applies to XBF, a recombinant variant which is rising in Australia, although infections are still limited for now. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that  XBB (including XBB.1.5) may become dominant in the Netherlands within the near future. However, BA.2.75 (including CH.1.1) and XBF are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may circulate simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge. 

¹ As published 7 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 31 January 2023 10:01 and 7 February 2023 10:00.

³As published 31 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 24 January 2023 10:01 and 31 January 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published 7 February 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ For more information about the reproduction number, click here.

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 6 February 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

7 February 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 5 February 2023, nearly 4.1 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.5%. 

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures. 

31 January 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 29 January 2023, more than 4.1 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.4%. 

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures.  

31 January 2023 | 15:00

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 31 January 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week increased slightly compared to the week before that (from +3.0% to +3.3%). The percentage of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 remained the same (staying at +0.6%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) increased slightly (+11%) last week, and the number of people tested by the GGD also increased slightly (+8%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 increased last week (+16%). On 17 January 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 0.96 (0.74 – 1.21). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased (-18%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased slightly. There were 20 ICU admissions last week, compared to 19 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 3 (16 - 22 January 2023),  sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load decreased by 37% compared to the week before. In the first half of week 4 (23 – 24 January 2023), the average viral load continued to decrease somewhat, dropping by 6.8%. The Omicron sub-variant BQ.1 was detected most frequently in sewage. More recombinants (variants that combine properties of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants) and Omicron BA.2 sub-variants were also detected, including a strong increase in BA.2.75 and its sub-variants.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that many different SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Omicron lineage are circulating in the Netherlands. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well. 

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48 of 2022, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. A downward trend is now emerging in infections involving BQ.1 (and BQ.1.1). We are seeing an increase in BA.2.75 (including sub-variant CH.1.1, which is on the rise in many European countries) and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines characteristics of various Omicron sub-variants). The sub-variant that has been rising sharply in the USA, known as XBB.1.5, is also increasing in the Netherlands. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that BQ.1 may remain dominant in the Netherlands for several more weeks. The percentages of sub-variants BA.2.75 and XBB (including XBB.1.5) are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may circulate simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge. 

¹ As published 31 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 24 January 2023 10:01 and 31 January 2023 10:00.

³As published 24 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 17 January 2023 10:01 and 24 January 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published31 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ For more information about the reproduction number, click here.

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 30 January 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

24 January 2023 | 16:00

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 22 January 2023, more than 4.1 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 60.2%. 

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures. 

24 January 2023 | 16:15

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 24 January 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week decreased (from +3.4% to +3.0%) compared to the week before that. The number of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 also decreased (from +0.8% to +0.6%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) decreased (-25%) last week, and the number of people tested by the GGD also decreased (-36%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 decreased (-35%) last week. On 10 January 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 0.83 (0.64 – 1.03). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased (-25%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also decreased. There were 19 ICU admissions last week, compared to 29 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 2 (9 - 15 January 2023),  sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load decreased by 33% compared to the week before. In the first half of week 3 (16 – 18 January 2023), the average viral load continued to decrease, dropping by 34%. The Omicron sub-variant BQ.1 was detected most frequently in sewage. More recombinants (variants that combine properties of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants) and Omicron BA.2 sub-variants were also detected, including BA.2.75 and its sub-variants.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that most of the variants of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in the Netherlands are in the Omicron lineage: sub-variants BA.1 through BA.5. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48 of 2022, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. A downward trend is now emerging in infections involving BQ.1 (and BQ.1.1). We are seeing an increase in BA.2.75 and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines properties of various Omicron sub-variants). The sub-variant that has been rising sharply in the USA, known as XBB.1.5, is also increasing in the Netherlands. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that BQ.1 may remain dominant in the Netherlands for several more weeks. The percentages of sub-variants BA.2.75 and XBB (including XBB.1.5) are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may continue circulating simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge.

¹ As published 24 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 17 January 2023 10:01 and 24 January 2023 10:00.

³As published 17 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 10 January 2023 10:01 and 17 January 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published24 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ For more information about the reproduction number, click here.

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 23 January 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

24 January 2023 | 11:00

COVID-19 vaccination for 5-11 years only for children in medical high-risk groups

It is no longer necessary to offer COVID-19 vaccination to all children aged 5-11 years. This advisory opinion of the Health Council was adopted by Minister Kuipers of Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (VWS) (only in Dutch) on 19 January 2023. Accordingly, as of 23 February 2023, invitations for COVID-19 vaccination will only be sent to children in this age group who have an elevated risk of severe illness due to COVID-19. 

17 January 2023 | 16:00

58% lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation among over-60s who had the autumn vaccination

In the period from 3 October 2022 to 9 January 2023, the risk of hospital admission for people aged 60 years and older who received a repeat vaccination against COVID-19 in the autumn round was 58% lower than for people who had previously received at least one COVID-19 vaccination, but had not received a repeat vaccination in the autumn round. The risk of ICU admission for over-60s who received the repeat vaccination in the autumn round was 59% lower. This means that the risk of hospital and ICU admission for people over 60 who received the repeat vaccination in autumn 2022 was nearly 2.5 times lower.

Read more on the page: 58% lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation among over-60s who had the autumn vaccination

17 January 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 15 January 2023, more than 4.1 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 59.9%. The number of repeat vaccinations administered in the second calendar week of 2023 was slightly lower than in the first week, but still higher than in the last two weeks of 2022.

The repeat vaccination is available to everyone aged 12 years and older who has completed the basic series of COVID-19 vaccinations. People can get the repeat vaccination starting from 3 months after their last COVID-19 vaccination or 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. You can make an appointment via planjeprik.nl. Walk-in vaccinations are also possible at more and more locations. For more information, see www.prikkenzonderafspraak.nl.

Table 1. Vaccination coverage for repeat vaccination against COVID-19 in the autumn round, completed basic series, week 38 (2022) to week 2 (2023). ^1-2

1. Source: CIMS+ method
2. The repeat vaccination is available to everyone aged 12 years and older who has completed the basic series of COVID-19 vaccinations. The first invitations were sent to people aged 60 years and older, people in medical risk groups, and care workers who have contact with patients or clients. People can get the repeat vaccination starting from 3 months after their last COVID-19 vaccination or 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection..

17 January 2023 | 15:20

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 17 January 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week decreased compared to the week before that(from +5.5% to +3.4%). The number of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 also decreased (from +1.3% to +0.8%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) decreased (-47%) last week, and the number of people tested by the GGD also decreased (-45%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 decreased (-48%) last week*. On 3 January 2023, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 0.73 (0.60 – 0.87). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased (-34%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also decreased. There were 29 ICU admissions last week, compared to 47 ICU admissions the week before.

Sewage surveillance

In week 1 (2 - 8 January 2023),  sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load decreased by 46% compared to the week before. In the first half of week 2 (9 – 11 January 2023), the average viral load continued to decrease, dropping by 31%. The BA.5 Omicron sub-variant, including its sub-variant BQ.1, was detected most frequently in sewage. More recombinants (variants that combine properties of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants) and Omicron BA.2 sub-variants were also detected, particularly BA.2.75 and its sub-variants.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that most of the variants of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in the Netherlands are in the Omicron lineage: sub-variants BA.1 through BA.5. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. We are also seeing an increase in BA.2.75 and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines properties of various Omicron sub-variants). The sub-variant that has been rising sharply in the USA, known as XBB.1.5, is also increasing in the Netherlands. At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that BQ.1 may remain dominant in the Netherlands for some time. The percentages of sub-variants BA.2.75 and XBB (including XBB.1.5) are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may continue circulating simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge. 

^* For reported figures from 1 January 2023, a patient will be considered a resident of a nursing home if, according to OSIRIS data: the patient can be linked to a known location of a nursing home, care home or private residential care centre based on their 6-digit postcode; and the patient is 70 years of age or older at the time of reporting.
^** As of 1 January 2023, RIVM will no longer compile data on deaths of COVID-19 patients, so these figures will no longer be published in the period updates from 10 January 2023 on.

¹ As published 17 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 10 January 2023 10:01 and 17 January 2023 10:00.

³As published 10 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 27 December 2022 10:01 and 23 January 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published17 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ For more information about the reproduction number, click here.

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 16 January 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based. 

10 January 2023 | 16:25 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September 2022 to 8 January 2023, nearly 4.1 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 59.5%. The number of repeat vaccinations administered in the past calendar week was higher than in the weeks before that. Especially among age groups between 50 and 85 years, more repeat vaccinations were administered.

Read more in the weekly update on COVID-19 vaccination figures.

10 January 2023 | 16:20

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 10 January 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week decreased compared to the week before that (from +6.7% to +5.5%). The number of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 also decreased (from +1.8% to 1.3%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) decreased (-29%) last week, and the number of people tested by the GGD also decreased (-21%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 decreased (-18%) last week^*. On 27 December 2022, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 0.90 (0.78 – 1.02). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 decreased (-15%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also decreased. There were 47 ICU admissions last week, compared to 63 ICU admissions the week before.  

Sewage surveillance

In week 52 (26 December 2022 – 1 January 2023),  sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load decreased by 14% compared to the week before. In the first half of week 1 (2 – 4 January 2023), the average viral load continued to decrease, dropping by 40%.  The BA.5 Omicron sub-variant known as sub-variant BQ.1 was detected most frequently in sewage. More recombinants (variants that combine properties of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants) and Omicron BA.2 sub-variants were also detected, particularly BA.2.75 and its sub-variants.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that most of the variants of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in the Netherlands are in the Omicron lineage: sub-variants BA.1 through BA.5. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. We are also seeing an increase in BA.2.75 and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines properties of various Omicron sub-variants). At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that BQ.1 may remain dominant in the Netherlands for some time. The percentages of sub-variants BA.2.75 and XBB (including XBB.1.5) are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may continue circulating simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge. The sub-variant that has been rising sharply in the USA, known as XBB.1.5, is also increasing in the Netherlands, although the case numbers are limited at this point.

^* For reported figures from 1 January 2023, a patient will be considered a resident of a nursing home if, according to OSIRIS data: the patient can be linked to a known location of a nursing home, care home or private residential care centre based on their 6-digit postcode; and the patient is 70 years of age or older at the time of reporting.
^** As of 1 January 2023, RIVM will no longer compile data on deaths of COVID-19 patients, so these figures will no longer be published in the period updates from 10 January 2023 on.

¹ As published 10 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 3 January 2023 10:01 and 10 January 2023 10:00.

³As published 3 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 27 December 2022 10:01 and 23 January 2023 10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸As published 27 December 2022 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

⁹ For more information about the reproduction number, click here.

¹⁰ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹¹ Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 9 January 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹² In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹³ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁴ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based.  

03 January 2023 | 16:00 

Vaccination figures for autumn round of COVID-19 repeat vaccination

From 19 September up to and including 1 January 2023, more than 4 million repeat vaccinations against COVID-19 were administered. Vaccination coverage for the repeat vaccination among people over 60 has now reached 59.0%.

The repeat vaccination is available to everyone aged 12 years and older who has completed the basic series of COVID-19 vaccinations. People can get the repeat vaccination starting from 3 months after their last COVID-19 vaccination or 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. You can make an appointment via planjeprik.nl. Walk-in vaccinations are also possible at more and more locations. For more information, see www.prikkenzonderafspraak.nl.

Table 1. Vaccination coverage for repeat vaccination against COVID-19 in the autumn round, completed basic series, week 38 (2022) to week 52 (2022). ^1-2

1. Source: CIMS+ method
2. The repeat vaccination is available to everyone aged 12 years and older who has completed the basic series of COVID-19 vaccinations. The first invitations were sent to people aged 60 years and older, people in medical risk groups, and care workers who have contact with patients or clients. People can get the repeat vaccination starting from 3 months after their last COVID-19 vaccination or 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection..

3 January 2023 | 16:55

Weekly update on the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: 3 January 2023

As of 16 September 2022, the Coronavirus Dashboard provided by the national government also includes the coronavirus thermometer. The thermometer offers a visual representation of pressure on society and healthcare as a result of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus thermometer is based on the epidemiological situation and the associated RIVM analysis.

The RIVM Response Team advises coronavirus thermometer: status 1 – low (Limited pressure on healthcare chain and society)

Infection Radar, testing, and hospital and ICU admissions

In the Infection Radar survey, the percentage of participants who reported possible symptoms of COVID-19 last week decreased slightly compared to the week before that (from +7.3% to +6.7%). The number of Infection Radar participants who tested positive for COVID-19 increased very slightly (from +1.7% to 1.8%) compared to the week before that. In addition, the number of people who tested positive for COVID-19 reported to the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) decreased somewhat (-7%) last week, and the number of people who were tested for COVID-19 by the GGD also decreased (-32%). The number of nursing home residents who tested positive for COVID-19 decreased last week (-18%).

On 20 December 2022, the reproduction number based on reported positive tests was 0.86 (0.76 – 0.97). The number of new hospital admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 increased significantly (+59%) compared to the week before. The number of new ICU admissions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 also increased significantly. There were 63 ICU admissions last week, compared to 42 ICU admissions the week before.  

It is likely that hospital and ICU admissions in the previous week were underestimated due to a delay in reporting during the Christmas period. As a result, the relative increase in hospital and ICU admissions between weeks 51 and 52 is probably lower.

Sewage surveillance

In week 51 (19 - 25 December 2022), sewage surveillance showed that the national average viral load increased compared to the week before (+33%). In the first half of week 52 (26 and 27 December 2022), the average viral load decreased (-21%).  BQ.1 and its sub-variants were detected most frequently in sewage surveillance. More recombinants and Omicron BA.2 sub-variants were also found, particularly BA.2.75 and its sub-variants, as well as recombinants like XBB.

Virus variants from pathogen surveillance

Since early 2022, pathogen surveillance has shown that most of the variants of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in the Netherlands are in the Omicron lineage: sub-variants BA.1 through BA.5. Mutations are also emerging within these sub-variants. The same pattern is occurring in other countries as well.

Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were initially dominant in the Netherlands, followed by BA.5; since week 48, BQ.1 (including BQ.1.1) has been responsible for the highest number of infections. We are also seeing an increase in BA.2.75 and recombinant XBB (a variant that combines properties of various Omicron sub-variants). At this time, there are no indications that these sub-variants would be more likely to cause severe illness compared to previous Omicron sub-variants.

The latest calculations suggest that BQ.1 may remain dominant in the Netherlands for some time. The percentages of sub-variants BA.2.75 and XBB are also increasing, so it is possible that multiple sub-variants may continue circulating simultaneously for some time. New variants or sub-variants may also emerge.

¹ As published 3 January 2023 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

² Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 27 December 2022 10:01 and 3 January 2023 10:00.

³As published 27 December 2022 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁴ Reports by the Municipal Public Health Services (GGDs) to RIVM between 20 December 2022 10:01 and 27 December 2022  10:00.

⁵Not all patients admitted to hospital with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have COVID-19 as the main reason or one of the reasons for hospital admission. The hospital and ICU admissions for which it is known that admission was due to other reasons than a SARS-CoV-2 infection (category 3 in the admission reasons) are not counted here. For an explanation of the categories of admission reasons, see the RIVM graphs page, or the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.

⁶ The number of unique survey participants reporting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19 per day who filled out a survey questionnaire, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). This number is divided by the number of unique participants per day who filled out a survey questionnaire.

⁷The number of unique survey participants reporting a positive COVID-19 test per day, summed up for the entire calendar week (Monday through Sunday). The positive test result could come from a self-test, a PCR test or a rapid antigen test. These results are not from the nose and throat swabs sent in through the self-test study that started in September 2022.

⁸ Not all of these reported deaths occurred within the last week. The actual number of deaths is higher than the deaths that are reported in the surveillance. This is because there is no mandatory reporting requirement for death due to COVID-19. For that reason, the mortality figures presented here are underreported.

⁹ As published 27 December 2022 in the weekly epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. The figures from the past week and current week may be updated to include any test results provided later. These figures only include tests of people who were tested in the GGD test lanes and does not include any tests that are required in order to travel.

¹⁰ For more information about the reproduction number, click here.

¹¹ The reproduction numbers (R) based on NICE data are calculated using hospital and ICU admissions due to COVID-19. These calculations do not include admissions registered by NICE after 25 January 2022 for any reason other than COVID-19.

¹² Based on data available at RIVM on Monday afternoon, 2 January 2023, as published in the open data. See the sewage surveillance updates on the Coronavirus Dashboard for the latest figures. See the explanation of the data presented for more details about how these figures are calculated.

¹³ In the first half of last week, between 1 and 3 samples were taken from each sampling location and analysed. The samples were taken on the Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday of that week.

¹⁴ Ideally, a total of 4 sewage samples from all 311 sampling locations would be taken and analysed in order to calculate the average for the previous week.

¹⁵ Number of people connected to the number of sampling locations on which the average is based.